Type-writing machine.



L.S.BURRIDGB.

TYPE WBITING'MACHINE. Arrmoumn rum) JUNE 8, 1901.

1,060,582. Patented May 6, 1913-.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Tml.

INVENT [1H,

L. s. BURBIDGE. TYPE WRITING MAOHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 8, 1907.

Patented May 6, 1913.

' INVENTUR; a? w 1 W WITNESSES:

nan s. Buampcnor NEW YORK, N. Y.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Continuation of application Serial No. 64,624, filed June. 15, 1901.

Serial No. 377,959.

TYRE-WRITING MLQHINE.

Ernie application filed June a, 1907.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, LEE S. BURRIDGE, a

, citizen of the United States, residing in the scribed.

and compact form.

borough of Manhattan, city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Type- Writin Machines, of which the followingis a speci cation. K

My invention relates to the key and type lever motion of a t pewriting machine,'and while I have ill trated in the drawings "hereunto annexed to some extent-the other mechanism of a. ,typewriting machine, I do so only for the purpose of making a clear description of the invention, for such other parts may have various forms and constructions other than those hereinshown and de- The purpose of th invention is to produce a machine wine .will write in sight and inwhich they key action shall be light and agreeable, the whole being of simple The special'kind a writing-in-sightmachines to which my invention. belongs is what are known as front-strike machines In all former machines of this class with.

which I am acquainted, the type bar or lever has a mot-ion through substantially a quarter of a circle-and is supported horizontally, the result being a hard and disagreeable key action. It has, in other kinds of typewriters, been proposed to swing the 'type bar in substantially a half circle but in-no such inp stance that I am aware of was the type bar so arranged as to be hung normally in a substantially vertical plane so that an easy and'agreeable starting motion of the key is :attained and the other advantages hereinafter set forth are arrived at.

I have discovered that the adoption of the special arrangement and construction of parts hereinafter fully described, andshown 1n the accompanying drawings, I am ena'bled to use in a fI'OliL-SBTIKB machine, a

. series of short type levers carrying all of the letters and characters desired suspended from their pivots in a substantially vertical plane and moving through substantially a semi-circle 'to the pointof impact on the platen or the paper thereon.

Other novel details of'construction of the key, and type lever action will be hereinafter set forth.

as In the accompanying dr ne forming a partof this specification, Figure 1 is a front Patented May 6, 19 13.

elevation of so much of my improved machine as is necessary to an understanding of my invention. Fig. 2 isa vertical sectional view thereof, the plane of section being from front to rear of the machine and centrally thereof. Fig. 3 is a detail view of the conthe paper carriage of usual or preferred form (of. which it is'necessary here only to point out the platen 4), and the inking de- .v1ces of usual or preferred form, notshown.

The frame has at 5 a head or cross-bar to support the ournal or j e-urnal's 6 of the type levers. This is preferably arranged asindiand substantially under the point of impression of the type, thereon. The type carrying members-are a series of shortlevers 7 carried by the journal orvjournals 6v and arranged radially around the point of impres sion. When atrest they arehung substantially vertically from their journal or journals, being stopped in that position after impression of the type by a rest 8. The type levers shown ca'rry three types each.

The key levers 9 are preferably arranged in three banks. and eachhas three arms, one projecting substantially horizontally forward to receive the key 10, one projecting rearwardly and upwardly to engage the universal bar, and one projecting substantially vertically upward and connected at its upper end by a stiff .link 12 to a point on the type lever under the fulcrum of said type lever so as to make of the latt r a lever of the third class. The links amt-preferably slightly bent to clear the supporting head or cross-piece 5. The arms 11,,wh1le substantially vertical when viewed from the side of the machine, as in Fig. 2, are, as may be seen in Fig. 1, bent at increasing angles from the center toward the side so as to cause the upper ends of the arms 11 to converge so that they all lie within a space, transverse of the machine, equal to the width of the set of type levers at the point of at-.

tachment of the links 12 to said type levers. Thus the thrusting motion of the hnks 12. upon the typelevers is. perfectly direct an 75 cated in Fig. 2 below the level of the platen has no tendency to cantor twist the type lel vers from their fulcrums. The third arm 13 of the key 'lever projects rearwardly and upwardly, as shown in Fig. .2, and engages beneath a universal bar 14 which is connected "to operate the step-by-step carriage feed mechanism in any usual or preferred man- 'ner. The key levers may be returned to normal position by individual springs '15, or

otherwise, if preferred. It will now be seen that when a key lever isdepressed as exhibited in dotted lines in Fig. 2, its'arm 11 iscarried forward and its link 12 causes the corresponding type lever (7 to move about its fulcrum. The type lever being suspended substantially'under .its fulcrum, the starting motion is extremely easy and the type lever being carried through substantially a semi-circle before it comes in contact with the platen or the paper thereon, a full, direct and] powerful blow is given by the-. type. Furthermore, the direct connection by the link from thekey lever to v the type lever in the manner shown, is such 'as to cause no loss of power and no unevenness of touch. It'will be noticed that the links act with'a direct thrust in starting the motion of the type levers, and'with atoggle action, at the moment of impressing the typeson the paper. Also the direct connection between the key lever and the universal bar andbetween the universal bar and the feed mechanism is advantageous in its sim-' plicity and freedom from frictlonal'elements.

-' of'iest, as shown in the drawings, project slightly forward of thisplane and to be in 1 precisely the same plane they would have to move through an arc of exactly 180, but I consider these parts as shown as lying in substantially the same plane. The type bars,

as will be observed, fan outwardly and downwardly from their pivots and lie radially to I, the printing point innormal position.

"Numerous variations and modifications may be made in the connections between the links and the type levers and the key levers; a a

as for instance they may be so changed that the typelevers may be moved to. the printing position by any suitable action instead "of by a thrust action, withoutdeparting from the broad principle of my invention.

Sofar as I am aware I am the first to produce a front strike typewriter in whichthe type levers hang downwardly substantially like an under strike typewriter and I mean to claim that broadly.

" Near their fulcra the type levers are guided'and kept from'vibration by slots in' the head or cross-piece 5. The link 12 is preferably made of quite thin metal and is preferably attached to the type lever by a joint which allows some lateral play as illustrated in Fig. 3. This prevents binding of the parts and enables them to be put together without such careful attention to adjust ment or cbnstructionas would otherwise be necessary.

p The segment 5 is formed with radial slots 16 in which the bars are respectively fitted, and it will-be seen that each of said slotsextends about half way from the pivot to the printing point at Fig. 2, thereby affording satisfactory guide for the type ,bar, and

pense with the usual center guide, and sec I 0nd to avoid the liability pf twisting, which is a great objection to the long type bars of the thin sheet metal class. It will be'seen at Fig. l, that the lower ends-of'thetype bars are bent outwardly as at 17 to agree with the directions of their respective types 18, the latter being figred upon said bends or crooks and lying in overlappingielation or side side in a single arc,"with much more than the usual-amount of clearance, whieh is'i a great advantage in rapidbperation; j

Variations may be resorted to within "the scope of the invention, and portions bf-the improvements may be usedwithout others.

This is a continuation of my' application Serial No.-64,624 filed'June' '15th'1991f lVhere inthe'claims'Iuse the term complement I mean thefull number of at least twenty-six type-bars, one for each'fletter of the alphabet, as I claim'to be thefirs't to constructl a complementofatlehst twenty-six bars in a manner tofgain the advantages,

herein set forth. I, I

Having thus describedfmy ihve'ntion, I claim:' j 1. In a'typewriting machine, the combination of a series of suspended type levers, a'

"series of substantially horizontal parallel similar links connected thereto, a series ,of arms or levers connectedto saidjlinks and pivotally mounted in-a. series of banks, said arms orlevers being bent'respectively at different angles relatively to their pivots to bring their several points of attachment to "said links immediately in rear of their respective type levers.

2. In a typewriting machine, the series -of three arm key levers, one arm bearing a key,

the second extending upwardly and connected to, the type carrierand the third extending. rearwardly and upwardly and arranged and adapted to operate universal spacing m :aanism, substantially as set forth.

8. In a type-writing machine,the combination ci" a type-bar arranged to move through substantially a semi-circle, an operating lever, and a link connecting the same to the type-bar. said lever-and link being so connected that they exert successively a thrust and a toggle action upon the type-bar, toincrease the leverage of the lever upon the type-bar at the last part'of the printing stroke, substantially as set forth.

4, In a front strike typewriting machine having a keyboard, the combination of :1 cylindrical platen, a complement of pendent pivoted type-bars entirely below the platen and each arranged to swing forwardly over the other end, said key lever pivoted in such relation to the type-lever as to enable said link to swing said type-lever through the semi-circle. f

6. In a typewriting machine, the combination of type-levers constructed to swing through substantially a semi-circle and key.

levers with intermediate links so'connected that'said links are caused to change their relative position to substantially right angles from their normal position of rest during the operation, and thereby exert successively two actions, a direct action and a. toggle action, as shown and described. I v

. T. In a front strike typewriting machine, the combination of pendent type levers pivoted in a segment of a circle, the distance between respective pivots being less than the distance at the free ends of the levers when at normal position atrest, and operating le vers having bends so as to be substantially parallel with a'portion of the type levers at their normal position at rest,as shown and described.

8. In a typewriting machine,.the combination of a complementof rearwardly striking type levers lying about vertical atthe normal position at rest, and operating levers having bends so as tobe substantially paral-- lel with a portion of the type'levers, as shown and described. V

9. A typewriting machine'all the types of which are arranged in one curved row on rearwardly.striking type bars pivoted in a segment of a circle, and so disposed that the type ends of all the bars hang downward and the pivots' sustain the weight of same; the center of said circle being in about the same plane as the pivots and the type bars at rest; means being provided for operating said bars.

10. In a typewriting machine, the combination of rearwardly striking typelevers pivoted in a segment of a' circle, andconstructed to swing approximately a semicircle from the point of rest to the impression point, and operating levers connecteC thereto which are pivoted in banks, each bank occupying a straight line and being parallel with the others, and means connecting said operating'levers .to said type levers in a manner to enable the former to swing the latter through approximate semicircles.

11. In a typewriting machine, the combination of rearwardly striking type levers constructed to swing through substantially a semi-circle, with operating levers and intern'icdiate links pivoted at each end to the respective levers, the connection being such that the links are caused to move from a horizontal position to a vertical one during the (narration, substantially as shown and described.

12. A .-typewriting machine having a platen, a keyboard and a complement of type bars, all of which are disposed in a single curved row upon the. lower ends 01 rcarwardly striking type levers pivotally mounted in a segment of a circle below the platen and so constructed that when at the normal position of rest allthe types face operated swing .forwardly over the' keyboard and up and back to the platen.

13. A front-strike writing machine hav ing a platen, a keyboard and a complement of alphabet and character types all of which are disposed closely side by side in a'single curved row, a complement of type'bars forming a single row and carrying all of said types and pivoted to swing forwardly over the keyboard and strike rearwardly against the platen land fanning outwardly and downwardly from their pivots and lying radially to the printing point so as to swing substantially more than, ninety degrees from normal position to, the printing point, and means extending to the keyboard for actuating said type bars.

14. In a typewriting machine having a keyboard and a full set of at least twenty six alphabet and character types. 'all disposed ina single curved row, a full set of at leasttwenty-six iype-barscarrying said types, all of said Iyp iaus supported normallyin about vertical position and swinging. up for *ardly over the keyboard and having their point of impression about over the pivots of the middle bars, means being .towardthe front of the machine, and when I provided for causing s'aid type-bars to move 4 through substantially a sem1-circle from the -,-point of restto the point of impression. I 15. A typewriting machine having a platen, a keyboard and a full-set ofiat leastv twenty-six alphabet. and character types, all

- level of the platen and pivoted to swing 0t which are disposedcloscly together in asingle curved row, a full set of at least twenty-six pendenttype-bars; carrying all,

of said types and all arrangedbelow the upwardly and forwardly over the keyboard and upwardly and backwardly tothe platen I means being provided for imparting to "said 15 type-bars motion. through about a sem icircle in bringing them to 'theimpression 16. A front strike typewriter having a platen,'- a keyboard, a full'set of .at least twenty-six alphabet and character types, all

of which are disposed in one rowupon a full set of at least twenty-six type-bar's, all

similar and approximately vertical at the normal position of rest and also at the im'-.

pression position; means being provided for causing the type-bars to move through sub-. stantially a S8II1l"-C1ZCl8- between said pos1-' tions,- forwardly over the keyboard and 'backwardlyand upwardly to the platen.

17. A front strike typewriting -machine' having a platen, full set of at least twenty- 'si'x' alphabet and character types all of which are-dispo'sedin one row .upon a system of similar pendent bars vall pivoted below the level of a platen, full set of atleast twentysix bars or links connected to said typebars so as to make of the latter levers of the third class, and k 'v-levers connected to said links and so arranged that the type-bars arecaused each to, move through about-a semicircle from'the point of restto thespoint of impression.

18. A fI'OIIt SiIIIl Q writing machine havmg a lar type-bars carrying all of said types and approximately vertical at the normal position of rest and arranged to swing for wardly from the keyboard and then strike cause the said type-bars to swing each through about a semi-circle.

20. ,A front. strike typewrit-ing' machine said type-heads at their lower, ends.

platen, a complement of at least twenty-six alphabet and characteretypeheads all in one row, a complement of simialphabet and chara cte17 type-heads, and a complement of type-bars icarrying all of said types; all of said type-bars being piv-' oted. in one row at their upper ends'. an 'arc of less thanone hundred degrees, and

all belowt'ithe printing point and depending; divergently from the rpivots and carrying- 21:A e nt strike writing machine having a keyboard at the frontof the machine,

a complement of at least twenty-six alphabet'and character types,;-all' mounted inone row upon. a complement of pivoted. type- .barso connected to. keys said types formin a single row at the-extremefnontofthat portion-pf the 3 machine which surmounts the keyboard; the type bars dependingdi vergently from. their pivots, and pivoted-to swing forwardly: over the keyboard'," and a 'platen at the front of the machinefa-nd above said types. o 22. A front strike writing machine hav-' ing 'akeyboard at the front of the machine,

of a complement of at least twenty-six al- -phabet and character types in onerow, and a complement of type-bars connected to the" keys .and tarrying all of said types and all pivoted in an are which lies about in avertical plane; a platen immediately'in rear of the keyboard :and abovesaid ivot arc,

"and said. type-bars depending divergently from their pivots and adapted to swing out over the keyboard and upwardlyand rear wardly-to the platen..

23. A front strike writingmachine-l1aving a platen, a system of keys, a complement of. at least twenty-six types, a complement of similar typeebars' carrying s'aid types in one row, and connections from said typebars to said keys; one of said type-bars be- 'ing'connected to each of said keys, said typebars being all pivoted in an arc, and depending divergently from theirpivots, andsaid platen'being entirely above said pivots.

24. A front strike writing machine having a system of keys, a complement of at. least twenty-six types, a complement of similar type-bars carrying all of said types, and operativeconnections from all of said keys to said type-bars; all'of said type-bars being pivoted in an arc and depending divergently' from their pivots, so that the type-bar system is materially wider at the. type-carrying end than at the pivot end; and a iplaten entirely above said pivots; said system of keys eing materially wider than the complement of type-bars at the pivot ends of the latter.

25. A front strike writing machine having a system of keys, a complement of at least twenty-six type heads, a complement of being pivoted in an arc and dependingdivergently from their pivots, so that the typebar complement is materially wider at the type-carrying end than at the pivot end,-the printing'point being above said pivots; and Said connections converging from the keyboard to the pivotal ends of the type-bars.

v 26 m front strike writing machine having a system of keys, a complement oftat least twenty-six type-heads, a complement of type-bars carrying all of said keys to said type-bars; said type-bars being pivoted in an arc and depending divergently'from their pivots, so that the type-bar complement is materially wider at the type-carrying-end than at the pivot end, and the printing point being above said pivots; and said connections converging from the keyboard to the pivotal ends of the type-bars, and including a svstem of levers which converge toward the type-bars. 1

:27. A front strike writing machine having a system of keys, a system of atleast twenty-six vtype-heads; a system of typebars carrying all of said type-heads in-one row; said type-bars being pivoted in an arc and depending divergently from their; piv- 'ots, so that the type-bar system is material-ly wider at the type-carrying end than at the pivot end, and the printing point being.

above said pivots; and a system of levers between said keys and said typebars; said levers extending forwardlyand rearwardly and having, upstanding arms which converge toward'the type bars.

28. A front-strike writing. machine having a system of keys, a system of at least twenty-six type-heads, a system of typebars carrying all of'saiditype-heads in. one row; said type-bars being pivoted-in anarc and depending divergently fromtheir' pivots, so that the type;bar system is materially V wider atthe type-carrying end than at the pivot end,-and -the printing point being above all of said pivots; and a system: of bell cranks between said keys and said typebars; said"bell cr.anks comprising. arms which extend forwardly and rearwardly and also upstanding arms which converge toward the type-bars. i a

:29. In a front strike writing-machine, the combination with a platen and a system of keys, of a system of types; a system of typebars carrying said types; saidtype-bars being pivoted in an arc and depending "divergently from theirpivots; a system of key-bearing levers between'said keys-and said type-bars, said levers convergin toward said type-bars; and a system of inks connecting the converging ends of the type bars to the converging ends of the levers.

- 30. In a front strike writing machine, the combination with a platen and a system of keys, of a system of types;1asystein of typebars carrying said types; said type-bars be-" ingpivoted in an arc and depending divergently from their pivots; a system of keybearingbell-cranks havin a converging arrangement; and means or connecting the converging ends of the 'bell-cra'nks-to the pivotal ends of the.type-bars.

31. In a frontstrike writing machine, the

combination with a platen and a system of ing pivoted in an arc and depending divergently from their pivots; a system of bell-cranks to which said keys are connected;

said bell-cranks having forwardly and rearwardly extending arms and alsoconvergent upstanding arms which at their upper ends -lie in radial planes substantially coincident with the planes-of the type-bars; and means connecting said upper ends of said arms to sand type-bars.

33;In a front strike writing machine, the

combination with a platen and a system of keys, of a system of types; a system of typebars-carrying said types; said type-bars bemg pivoted in an'arc and dqoending'di-r vergently from their pivots; system of bell-"cranks bearing said keys; said bellcranks-having upstanding arms which are bent between their ends so that their upper ends are substantially parallel with the typebars, and means connectingsaid upper ends to the type-bars.

.34. In a front strike writing machine, the combination with a platen and a system-of keys, of a system of types; a complement of-- 'type-bars carrying'said types; all of said type-bars being pivoted in an arc and -depending divergently from their pivots, and the system of keys being materially wider than the complement of type-bars at thepivotal ends of the latter; and means con- .necting all of said keys to said type-bars,

and including a system of key-bearing levers and links directly connecting said lev rs to said type-bars at the pivotal ends of the latter. K

35. In a front strike writing machine, the combination with a platen'aand' a system of keys, of a system of types; a complement of 12,5 type-bars'carrying said types; all of said" type-bars being pivoted in an arc and depending divergently-from their pivots; and

connections from all of said keys to said type b'a rs; said-connections converging be- V eluding a system of levers-extending. real tween the keys and't-he type-bars, and in- Wardly from the keyboard and a' system of links directly connecting said levers to said type-bars. V I

36. In a front strike writingmachine, the

combination with a platen and a system of keys, of a system of types; a. complement of type-bars carrying said types;ial-l of-said type-bars beingpivoted in an arc and depending divergently from their pivots; a-

keys; 'and'links connecting the converging ends of the levers to-the type-bars.

37- Ina front strikewriting machine, thecombination with arplaten and a system of keys, of a system of types; a system .of typebars carrying said types; said'type-bars being pivoted in an arc and depending diver- I gently from their pivots; a system of for- "wardly and rearwardly extending levers between said keys and said type-bars,-said levers having upstanding arms which con- Y verge at their upper ends; and links connecting the upper ends of said levers to said type-bars; Y

38. In a front,strike writing machine, the combination with a platen and a system of keys,-of a system of types; a system of typebars carrying said types; said type-bars being pivoted in an arc and depending diver:

gently from their pivots; a system of keybearing levers extending up in rear of the v type-bars, one lever for each of said keys;

and links extending forwardly from said levers to all of said type-bars.

39. In a front strike writing machine, the

combination with a platen and a system of' keys, of asystem of types; a complement of type-bars carrying said types; all of said typ e-bars being pivoted in an arc and depending divergently from their pivots; and

' converging connections from all of said keys to said type-bars; said connections including a system of key-bearing levers extending in rear of the type bars, and links extending forwardly from said levers and attached to the type-bars between the ends of the latter. I 40. In a front strike writing machine, the

combination with a platen and a system of keys, oi'a system of types: a SVStmn M t bars carrying salu types;sa1d type-bars being pivoted in an arc and depending divergcntly from their pivots; a system of hellcranks bearingsa-id keys; said bell-cranks having upstanding arms; and links extending forwardly from said upstanding arms to said type-bars.

ranged type-bars all'of which when at restradiate downwardly andoutwardlv from ing center all-of said types mounted upon 42. A front strike writing machine having a complement ofat least twenty-six types, a complement of type-bars carrying all ofsaid types and all pivoted in an are below a V platen and divergently pendent from their system of converging forwardly and rearwardly extending levers operated by saidpivot-s, and guiding means for the type-bars between'the-pivots and the platenyall of I saidtypes lying side by side.

43. A front strike writing machine having a complement of at least twenty=six types, a complement of type-bars carrying all of said types and all pivoted in an are below a platen and divergently pendent from their pivots, guiding means for the type-bars be: tween the pivots and the platen, and means for swinging the type-bars through about a semi-circle; all of said types lying side by side;

44. A front strike writing machine having a'complement of at least twenty-six types, a

complement of type-bars carrying allot said .typesand all pivoted in an are below, the platen and divergently pendenti'from theirpivots, fixed lateral guides for thet e-bars, and key-controlled means for swinging the type-bars each through about a; semi-circle; all of said types lying side'by side. i

45. A front strike writing machine having a complement of at least twenty-six types, a complement of type-barscarrying all of said types, a curved rod upon which all of said type-bars are'pivoted below the platen, a

said keys to swing said type-bars each system of keys, and connections for enabling through about a semi-circle; all of said types lying sideby side.

46. A front strike writing machine having a complement of at least twenty-six types, a complement of type-bars carrying all of said types, a segment having slots in which said type bars work, acurved rod upon which all of said type-bars are pivoted below the platen, a system ofkeys, and connections for, enabling. said keys to swing said typebars ea'ch t rough about a semi-circle; all

of said types lying side by side.

47. A front strike -writing machine having a sy'stemofat least twenty-six types, a system of type-barsearrying all of said types, a system of' key-bearing bell-cranks comprising upwardly extending arms in rear of and connectedto the type-bars and forsaid keys being arranged inbanks, and said bell-cranks being mounted u'Jon transverse rods, one rod for each bank'o vkeys.

48. In a front strike writing machine, the combin tion with a svstmn of tvue-bars. of

I wardly-extending arms'.bearing the keys; 41. A front strike typewritmg machine extending arms in rear of and connected to thetype-bars and forwardly-extending arms, banks of keys mounted upon said forwardlyextending arms; and transverse rods upon which said bell-cranks are fulcrumed, one rod for each'bank of keys; said rods being mounted one above and in rear of another, in accordance with the arrangement of the banks of keys. A

49. In a typewriting machine,- the combination of a series of suspended type-bars, a series of substantially horizontal links ex-. tending rearwardly therefrom, and a series of levers connected to said links and to suitable keys, thesaid levers being bent inwardly respectively at different angles to bring their several points of attachment to said links immediately in rear of their respective type levers.

50. In a typewriting machine, atseries of three-armed key'levers, one arm bearing a key,-the second e2 tendiu upward from the lever pivot'and connected to a type carrier, and the third arm extending back and up from the piv t to operate the universal spacing bar.

- 51. In a typewriting machine, the combi:. nation of a system of type bars mounted to swing upwardly to the printing point through substantially at semi-circle, operating levers, and links connecting the levers to the type bars, said levers and links being so connected that they exert a toggle action at the completion of the printing stroke, subs'tantially as set forth.

52. A front strike typewriting machine havinga complement of at least twenty-six types, a complement of pendent type bars all in a single row and carrying all of said types and arranged to strike on the front of said platen. a series of'thrust bars or links, and a row of levers connected successively to said type-bars by means of said links, and so placed with relation to the type-bar pivots as to cause the said type levers to swing through substantially a semicircle up to the printing point.

' 53, In a front strike typewriting machine, the combination of a systemof type levers each mounted to move through substantially a semi-circle up to the printing point, a linkpivoted at one end to each type-bar, and a key-bearing lever pivoted to each link.at the other 'eiid, said key lever so constructed as 55 to eriable it to cause said linkto turn the type-bar through substantially a half circle.

54. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a system of type bars each constructed to swing through substantially a semi-circle up to the printing point, and

key levers with intermediate links connec ed to change their relative positions 'to substantially right angles from their normal positions of rest during the printing strokes, and thereby effect a toggle action.

55. In a front strike typewriting machine, the combination of a system of pendent type barspivoted in an arc, the distance between their respective pivotal points being less than the distance at the'free ends of the bars when at rest, and operating levers having bendssubstantially parallel with a portion of the respective type levers at their normal positions.

56'. A' front strike typewriting machine having a. complement of at least twenty-six types, a. complement-of similar type bars carrying all of said types and all pivoted below and to strike on the front of said platen, and normally pendent: the printing point, the pivots of the type bars and their free ends when at rest, being about in the same plane, means for op rating" said typelevers; and types fixed upon crooks formed on the ends" of said bars, and all lying side by side. f 1

57. In a typewriting machine, the combinatiorr of a full set of at least twenty-six rearwardly striking type bars pivoted in an arc, and constructed to swing approximately a semi-circle from the point'of rest to the printing point-,operating levers connected thereto andpivoted in parallel banks V at different elevations, and links connecting said levers tolsaid type-bars; said-levers so placedwith reference to said type-bars as to swing the latter through approximatelv a semi-circle.

58. A typewriting machine having a complement of at least twenty-six types, and a complement of rearwardly striking typebars carrying all of said types and all pivot ally mounted in an are below the saidtplaten,

and so constructed that when at the normal position of rest the types face toward the front of the machine, and lie close together in a single arc,.the type-bars being bent near their lower ends to form crooks-to agree with the directions of their respective types, and the latter all lying side byl'sidei 59. In a front strike writing machine, the

- combination with a platen, of a complement, --of at least twenty-six alphabet and charac- 60. A front strike typewriting machine having a complement of at least twenty-six alphabet and character types ranged closely side by side, and a complement of segmenr lying side by side.

' 4 from the printing center; said types all lying side by side.

61. The combination of a system of key.- bearing type-operating levers having upwardly extending arms, and a dog-carrier upon which is fixed'a universal bar engaged by said'arms.v

(32. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a system-"of pivoted key-levers, .arms eidending directly up from thepivots of said levers, and forwardly extending links connecting said arms'.to .a complement of.

and pendent from their pivots,'said levers so constructed as to drive said type bars type bars pivoted below the printing point through approximately a semi-circle.

63. In a front-strike writing machine, the

combination with a complement of type bars, of a'segment inwhich they are pivot- .ed, said bars being pendent from their pivots and mounted to swing through about half a circle to the printing point, and saidsegment haying radial slots in which said barsare guided, said slots extending about half way from the pivots to the printing point.

64. A full set of at least twenty-six keybearing type-operating levers having uni versal bar operating arms of various lengths to give thesame stroke to the universal bar.

(35. A full set of at least twenty-six keybearing type-operating levers havingyuniv rsftl bar operating arms of various lengths to give the same stroke to the universal bar, each-of said levers comprising upwardly extending arms to operate the type bars.

66. Atypewriting machine comprising a keyboard, a full set of at least twenty-six type-bars pendent from their pivots and mounted to swing forwardly over the key-- board, and ,then rearwardly against the platen, and a system of connections extending from the keyboard upwardly in rear-of the type bars to operate the same. Y I LEE s. BURRIDGE. .Witnessesf FRANK G. SMYTH, J12,

CHAnLEs'W. HowELL, Jr.

(topics of this paltent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Batents, 'Washington, D. 6. 

